Effect of Fertilization on Anatomical and Physical-mechanical Properties of Neosinocalamus Affinis Bamboo

1.
College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
2.
School of Renewable Natural Resource, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA
3.
Southern Research Station, USDA Forest Service, Pineville, LA, 71360, USA

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Corresponding author: Jiulong XIE, jxie6@sicau.edu.cn

摘要

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Abstract: In order to maintain soil fertility of Neosinocalamus affinis plantations, fertilizers of N, P, and K were applied. The anatomical and physical-mechanical properties of N. affinis bamboo wood from different fertilization treatments were measured. The aim of this study was to elucidate the effect of fertilization practice on the properties of N. affinis bamboo wood. The results revealed that the fertilization of P and K resulted in a slight reduction in fiber length. The application of P, K, and low level (0.3 kg/clump) of N fertilizers had no significant effect on the fiber morphology, while high level (0.9 kg/clump) of N fertilizer contributed to short fibers. The specific gravity was significantly decreased by fertilization, while the volume shrinkage was increased. Since the effect of various fertilization treatments had different influence patterns on the properties of N. affinis, specific evaluations on the quality of the fertilized bamboo wood should be performed prior to its utilization.
- fertilization /
- anatomy /
- physical-mechanical properties /
- Neosinocalamus affinis

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Table 1. Application of fertilizer to bamboo clumps (units are kg/clump elemental)

Treatment	P	K	N
Control	0	0	0
N0	0.3	0.3	0
N3	0.3	0.3	0.3
N6	0.3	0.3	0.6
N9	0.3	0.3	0.9
Notes: N0 represents no addition of nitrogen fertilizer; N3, N6 and N9 represent the addition of 0.3 0.6 and 0.9 kg nitrogen fertilizer into each bamboo clump.

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Table 2. Means of anatomical properties: fiber length, width, lumen, and wall thickness of N. affinis at different ages

Age	Treatment	Fiber length (mm)	Fiber width (μm)	Fiber lumen (μm)	Fiber wall thickness (μm)
1	Control	3.40±0.53a	17.78±3.19b	8.53±2.54a	4.63±0.70a
	N0	3.17±0.40ab	20.23±1.43a	9.66±2.37a	5.29±0.89a
	N3	3.09±0.30ab	16.42±0.62b	7.45±2.41a	4.49±0.98a
	N6	2.83±0.24ab	18.21±0.77ab	7.60±2.46a	5.31±1.06a
	N9	2.64±0.61b	16.73±1.43b	8.75±2.25a	3.99±1.21a
2	Control	2.90±0.19a	19.32±3.18ab	8.08±3.53a	5.62±1.31ab
	N0	2.84±0.14a	19.40±1.33ab	9.75±2.61a	4.83±1.14b
	N3	2.69±0.10ab	21.18±3.73a	6.42±2.14a	7.38±2.74a
	N6	2.75±0.25ab	19.02±1.34ab	7.24±2.77a	5.89±1.57ab
	N9	2.52±0.20b	17.30±2.14b	9.35±2.31a	3.97±1.92b
3	Control	2.93±0.29a	18.46±1.94a	6.26±2.59ab	6.10±0.92a
	N0	2.76±0.23ab	18.89±2.25a	5.82±2.73b	6.54±2.13a
	N3	2.79±0.28ab	18.79±2.24a	5.91±1.92b	6.44±1.84a
	N6	2.66±0.32ab	19.58±5.56a	6.75±2.13ab	6.42±2.77a
	N9	2.47±0.43b	18.18±1.68a	9.28±2.46a	4.45±1.79a
Notes: N0 represents no addition of nitrogen fertilizer; N3, N6, and N9 represent the addition of 0.3, 0.6 and 0.9 kg nitrogen fertilizer into each bamboo clump. Values followed by the same letter in the same column are not significantly different at 0.05 probability.

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Table 3. Analysis of variance results for physical-mechanical and anatomical properties of N. affinis

Source	Df	Index	Specific gravity	Volume shrinkage	Compressive strength	Shear strength	Fiber length	Fiber width	Fiber lumen	Fiber wall thickness
Age (A)	2	F value	243.040	35.933	73.772	9.239	8.043	1.782	3.836	3.053
Age (A)	2	P value	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001	0.002	0.186	0.033	0.062
Fertilization (F)	4	F value	78.510	80.171	1.117	0.084	6.843	1.633	3.079	2.661
Fertilization (F)	4	P value	< 0.001	< 0.001	0.367	0.987	< 0.001	0.192	0.031	0.052
A×F	8	F value	14.846	5.832	2.278	0.715	0.744	1.040	0.946	0.727
A×F	8	P value	< 0.001	< 0.001	0.049	0.676	0.653	0.429	0.495	0.667

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Table 4. Means of physical-mechanical properties of specific gravity, volume shrinkage, compressive strength, and shear strength of N. affinis at different ages

Age (a)	Treatment	Specific gravity (kg/m³)	Volume shrinkage (%)	Compressive strength (MPa)	Shear strength (MPa)
1	Control	558±31.80a	28.17±3.94a	42.83±3.34a	10.04±1.11a
	N0	514±31.30a	28.56±3.36a	42.37±5.60a	9.90±1.11a
	N3	453±5.61b	38.80±5.33b	39.90±4.91a	8.93±1.47a
	N6	408±8.70c	39.27±4.21c	39.86±2.47a	9.19±2.21a
	N9	422±6.20bc	42.29±2.12bc	40.54±4.17a	9.58±1.96a
2	Control	681±30.10a	20.98±6.71a	71.71±14.81ab	11.12±1.81b
	N0	622±24.80b	26.82±4.27b	66.78±6.61b	11.34±0.90ab
	N3	560±7.30c	24.47±3.15c	57.03±3.92c	10.42±1.45b
	N6	670±34.20a	30.63±4.17a	69.48±4.79ab	12.72±1.52a
	N9	523±15.50d	39.78±2.60d	75.11±5.11a	11.68±2.54ab
3	Control	770±33.00a	18.35±3.48a	73.31±8.31a	13.28±1.98a
	N0	593±28.40c	29.51±4.94c	62.44±6.51b	11.27±1.91b
	N3	665±39.20b	30.89±3.50b	65.51±5.62b	12.06±1.04ab
	N6	618±18.80c	36.27±4.45c	71.81±3.53a	12.68±3.18ab
	N9	522±9.00d	38.78±2.52d	61.36±6.80b	12.79±2.30ab
Notes: N0 represents no addition of nitrogen fertilizer; N3, N6, and N9 represent the addition of 0.3, 0.6 and 0.9 kg nitrogen fertilizer into the each bamboo clump. Values followed by the same letter in the same column are not significantly different at 0.05 probability.

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