Volume 10 Issue 2
May  2025
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Article Navigation >  Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts  > 2025  >  10(2): 170-186
Emanuela Bellinetto, Sofia Regoli, Ruggero Barni, Carmen Canevali, Oussama Boumezgane, Luca Zoia, Claudia Riccardi, Stefano Turri, Gianmarco Griffini. Enhanced performance and reprocessability in polypropylene-lignin blends through plasma treatment[J]. Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts, 2025, 10(2): 170-186. doi: 10.1016/j.jobab.2025.01.003
Citation: Emanuela Bellinetto, Sofia Regoli, Ruggero Barni, Carmen Canevali, Oussama Boumezgane, Luca Zoia, Claudia Riccardi, Stefano Turri, Gianmarco Griffini. Enhanced performance and reprocessability in polypropylene-lignin blends through plasma treatment[J]. Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts, 2025, 10(2): 170-186. doi: 10.1016/j.jobab.2025.01.003
shu

Enhanced performance and reprocessability in polypropylene-lignin blends through plasma treatment

doi: 10.1016/j.jobab.2025.01.003
  • a.

    Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Milano 20133, Italy

  • b.

    Department of Physics "Giuseppe Occhialini", Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Milano 20126, Italy

  • c.

    Department of Materials Science, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Milano 20125, Italy

  • d.

    Department of Earth and Environmental Science, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Milano 20126, Italy

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    Abstract
  • In this work, a new compatibilization strategy for polypropylene-lignin blends was presented, which did not rely on the use of solvents or other chemicals. Soda lignin was subjected to plasma treatment in an argon atmosphere employing a gliding-arc-tornado reactor configuration. The effect of this process was evaluated using electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and thermogravimetric analysis, evidencing significant chemical-structural modifications in lignin, including an increased concentration of phenoxy radicals (60%) and depletion of hydroxyl functionalities (35%). Polypropylene-lignin blends incorporating 5% (w/w), 10% (w/w), and 20% (w/w) of either pristine or plasma-treated lignin were then prepared by melt-blending in a twin-screw extruder, and their thermo-mechanical and rheological properties were investigated in detail. As a result of the plasma-induced modifications occurred in lignin, blends incorporating the plasma-treated material exhibited greater thermo-oxidative stability, more favorable viscoelastic response, significantly improved mechanical performance (137% and 294% strain at break for polypropylene (PP) containing 5% (w/w) and 10% (w/w) of treated lignin, respectively), and enhanced thermo-mechanical reprocessability (> 95% retention of yield strength and strain at break after re-extrusion). This work provided the first demonstration of the effectiveness of plasma treatment as a viable and sustainable strategy to improve filler-matrix interactions in polypropylene-lignin blends without the use of solvents, chemical compatibilizers or additional wet-chemistry steps, paving the way for the development of lignin-based thermoplastic polyolefin materials with enhanced thermo-mechanical characteristics and improved reprocessability.

     

    • Declaration of competing interest
    The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
    Supplementary material associated with this article can be found, in the online version, at doi:10.1016/j.jobab.2025.01.003.
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