Volume 10 Issue 4
Nov.  2025
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Article Navigation >  Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts  > 2025  >  10(4): 631-647
Shuang Qi, Hui Yang, Tian Fang, Tingwei Zhang, Bo Jiang, Sehrish Manan, Chaofeng Zhang, Peng Wang, Caoxing Huang, Wenjuan Wu, Yongcan Jin. Antioxidative lignin materials attenuate type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) progression by preserving glutathione via insulin receptor substrate 1/phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B (IRS1/PI3K/AKT) axis[J]. Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts, 2025, 10(4): 631-647. doi: 10.1016/j.jobab.2025.10.001
Citation: Shuang Qi, Hui Yang, Tian Fang, Tingwei Zhang, Bo Jiang, Sehrish Manan, Chaofeng Zhang, Peng Wang, Caoxing Huang, Wenjuan Wu, Yongcan Jin. Antioxidative lignin materials attenuate type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) progression by preserving glutathione via insulin receptor substrate 1/phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B (IRS1/PI3K/AKT) axis[J]. Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts, 2025, 10(4): 631-647. doi: 10.1016/j.jobab.2025.10.001
shu

Antioxidative lignin materials attenuate type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) progression by preserving glutathione via insulin receptor substrate 1/phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B (IRS1/PI3K/AKT) axis

doi: 10.1016/j.jobab.2025.10.001
  • a.

    Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China

  • b.

    Clinical Stem Cell Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China

  • c.

    Department of Laboratory Animal, Chinese PLA General Hospital of Eastern Theater Command, Nanjing 210018, China

  • d.

    State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China

More Information
  • Corresponding author: E-mail address: peng_wang0324@163.com (P. Wang); E-mail address: jinyongcan@njfu.edu.cn (Y. Jin)
  • Received Date: 2025-05-12
  • Accepted Date: 2025-09-25
  • Rev Recd Date: 2025-09-19
    • Available Online: 2025-10-08
  • Publish Date: 2025-11-01
    Abstract
  • Lignin, a natural and renewable aromatic biopolymer, has gained attention in various biomedical applications due to its diverse structure, excellent biocompatibility, and antioxidant activity. However, the effects of lignin with tailored molecular weight on treating type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remain largely unexplored. In this study, a series of heterogeneous natural phenolic kraft lignin (KL) with tailored molecular weights, derived through an anti-sugar strategy, were prepared by continuous fractionation. The lignin fractions were categorized as F1, F2, and F3, corresponding to high, medium, and low molecular weights, respectively. Their therapeutic effects on T2DM were evaluated using a fractionated lignin culture cell model and intravenous injection into the tail vein of diabetic rats. The results demonstrated that lignin's protective effects in attenuating T2DM progression were molecular weight-dependent. Specifically, F3 reduced fasting blood glucose, reversed insulin resistance, and improved insulin sensitivity by mitigating oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. Mechanistic investigations revealed that F3 positively regulated glucose and lipid metabolism, inhibited hepatic gluconeogenesis, and enhanced hepatic glycogen synthesis by activating the insulin receptor substrate 1/phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B (IRS1/PI3K/AKT) signaling pathway. Results revealed that lignin exerts its therapeutic effects on T2DM in a molecular weight-dependent manner, with IRS1/PI3K/AKT signaling as a potential underlying mechanism. This highlights lignin with a defined molecular weight as a promising candidate for T2DM treatment.

     

    • Ethics approval
    All the experimental protocols in this study were approved by the Committee of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing University (2023AE02011).
    Declaration of competing interest
    There are no conflicts to declare.
    Supplementary materials
    Supplementary material associated with this article can be found, in the online version, at doi:10.1016/j.jobab.2025.10.001.
    Peer review under the responsibility of Editorial Office of Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts.
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