Volume 10 Issue 4
Nov.  2025
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Article Navigation >  Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts  > 2025  >  10(4): 601-615
Jiawei Yang, Qingyuan Li, Shengchang Lu, Hui Wu, Liulian Huang, Lihui Chen, Jianguo Li. Catalyst-free engineered robust cellulose ionogel for high-performance ionotronic devices[J]. Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts, 2025, 10(4): 601-615. doi: 10.1016/j.jobab.2025.08.001
Citation: Jiawei Yang, Qingyuan Li, Shengchang Lu, Hui Wu, Liulian Huang, Lihui Chen, Jianguo Li. Catalyst-free engineered robust cellulose ionogel for high-performance ionotronic devices[J]. Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts, 2025, 10(4): 601-615. doi: 10.1016/j.jobab.2025.08.001
shu

Catalyst-free engineered robust cellulose ionogel for high-performance ionotronic devices

doi: 10.1016/j.jobab.2025.08.001

  • College of Material Engineering, National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Plant Fiber Functional Materials, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China

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    Abstract
  • Ionogels, a newly emerging type of gel material, are considered the most attractive candidate for constructing the next-generation ionotronic devices in the Internet of Things era. However, building robust and sustainable ionogels toward high-performance ionotronic devices in broad scenarios remains a huge challenge. Herein, a mechanically robust cellulose ionogel (RCI) via the facile “catalyst-free” yet chemically cross-linked engineering of cellulose molecules was developed. More specifically, ionic liquid, a typical cellulose solvent, and an ion-conductive component of cellulose ionogel were employed to afford the proton and replace the conventional, additional chemical catalyst, which indeed triggers the chemical reactions between cellulose and glutaraldehyde molecules, and thus creates the chemical-bonded, robust cellulose network of RCI. The prepared RCI (0.4 g glutaraldehyde to 0.6 g cellulose) demonstrated surprisingly high strength of ~11 MPa with 1 000% improvement and toughness of 2.8 MJ/m3 with 700% increase compared to the original cellulose ionogel (CI), as well as acceptable conductivity of 29.1 ms/cm, surpassing most ionogel materials. Such RCI easily constructed versatile ionotronic devices with unexpected voltage-pressure sensitivity, wide-range loading, and linear and steady-state output for self-powered, body motion, human health, and Morse-code information communication applications. The catalyst-free engineering paves the way toward easy-to-prepare, robust, and promising ionogels in our sustainable society, beyond the cellulose material.

     

    • Availability of data
    Data are available on request from the authors.
    Declaration of competing interest
    The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
    Supplementary materials
    Supplementary material associated with this article can be found, in the online version, at doi:10.1016/j.jobab.2025.08.001.
    Peer review under the responsibility of Editorial Office of Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts.
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