A feasibility study on the deposition and in-situ modification of soda lignin by suspension plasma spraying

Johannes Seitz; Carsten Mai; Wolfgang Viöl; Christoph Gerhard; Robert Köhler

doi:10.1016/j.jobab.2026.100277

Volume 11 Issue 4

Aug. 2026

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Johannes Seitz, Carsten Mai, Wolfgang Viöl, Christoph Gerhard, Robert Köhler. A feasibility study on the deposition and in-situ modification of soda lignin by suspension plasma spraying[J]. Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts, 2026, 11(4): 100277. doi: 10.1016/j.jobab.2026.100277

Citation:

Johannes Seitz, Carsten Mai, Wolfgang Viöl, Christoph Gerhard, Robert Köhler. A feasibility study on the deposition and in-situ modification of soda lignin by suspension plasma spraying[J]. Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts, 2026, 11(4): 100277. doi: 10.1016/j.jobab.2026.100277

Citation:

Johannes Seitz, Carsten Mai, Wolfgang Viöl, Christoph Gerhard, Robert Köhler. A feasibility study on the deposition and in-situ modification of soda lignin by suspension plasma spraying[J]. Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts, 2026, 11(4): 100277. doi: 10.1016/j.jobab.2026.100277

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A feasibility study on the deposition and in-situ modification of soda lignin by suspension plasma spraying

doi: 10.1016/j.jobab.2026.100277

a.
Faculty of Engineering and Health, University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Göttingen 37085, Germany
b.
Department of Wood Biology and Wood Products, University of Göttingen, Göttingen 37077, Germany
c.
Fraunhofer Institute for Surface Engineering and Thin Films IST, Application Center for Plasma and Photonics, Göttingen 37085, Germany
d.
Department of Physics, Politecnico di Milano, Milan 20133, Italy

More Information

Corresponding author: E-mail address: Johannes.seitz1@hawk.de (J. Seitz)
Received Date: 2026-02-26
Accepted Date: 2026-06-17
Rev Recd Date: 2026-05-16

Available Online: 2026-06-20

Publish Date: 2026-08-01

Abstract

Abstract

In this study, low-energy suspension plasma spraying (LE-SPS) was introduced as a novel approach for the deposition and simultaneous plasma-induced chemical modification of soda lignin. A colloidal lignin particle suspension was deposited onto glass substrates using a modified plasma spraying system with radial suspension injection. Scanning electron microscopy revealed continuous and dense coatings with an average thickness of approximately 4 µm. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, and ¹H/¹³C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy analyses indicated substantial plasma-induced chemical restructuring. The coatings exhibited increased oxygen-containing functionalities, including carbonyl and carboxyl/ester-type contributions, together with changes in aromatic signals. These spectroscopic changes are consistent with oxidative modification of lignin and increased contributions from ether- and ester-like environments. Overall, the results demonstrated that LE-SPS enabled lignin deposition accompanied by chemical transformation into a chemically reorganized lignin-based coating without additional crosslinkers, catalysts, or organic solvents.
- Lignin,
- Fourier transform infrared,
- X-ray photoelectron,
- Nuclear magnetic resonance,
- Suspension plasma spraying,
- Biopolymer

Declaration of generative AI and AI-assisted technologies in the writing process
During the preparation of this work the authors used ChatGPT in order to improve the language, clarity, and readability of the manuscript and Gemini to create the graphical abstract. After using this tool, the authors reviewed and edited the content as needed and take full responsibility for the content of the published article.
Author contributions
Johannes Seitz: conceptualization, methodology, formal analysis, investigation, writing-original draft. Carsten Mai: supervision, validation, writing-review and editing. Wolfgang Viöl: resources, writing-review and editing, supervision, funding acquisition. Christoph Gerhard: investigation, validation, visualization, writing-reviewing and editing. Robert Köhler: methodology, formal analysis, investigation, writing-review and editing, supervision.
Data availability
All data will be made available on request.
Declaration of competing interest
The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
Peer review under the responsibility of Editorial Office of Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts.

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